01854nam a2200265   4500001000800000005001700008007000300025008004100028040000800069041000800077100003700085245001800122300002500140520104800165650002401213650004601237650003601283650003501319650001801354700002701372700003101399773011001430942003101540999001701571ESSALUD20260902145412.0ta      t        pe ||||| |||| 00| 0 spa d  aBMG  aeng  aAronson, Naomi E. eAutor954420  aLeishmaniasis  apáginas: 2026-2039  aLeishmaniases comprise clinically distinct diseases caused by the protozoan parasite leishmania, which is transmitted through the bite of infected sand flies. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form and manifests as a localized skin lesion. Mucosal leishmaniasis causes destructive nose, mouth, and throat lesions. Visceral leishmaniasis is a potentially life-threatening form that results from bloodborne dissemination of the parasites. The number of cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis is increasing, particularly in the Eastern Mediterranean region, and the prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis is decreasing globally. Laboratory diagnosis of the leishmaniases has shifted to the use of molecular methods to test tissue samples (e.g., skin or bone marrow), which can be used to identify infecting species. Treatment is challenged by limited drug choices. A recent advance is the use of combination therapies for visceral leishmaniasis. Two human leishmaniasis vaccines are undergoing preclinical testing or are ready for human testing.  aSALUD GLOBAL910472  aENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS GENERALES954087  aINFECCIONES PARASITARIAS954373  aSALUD PÚBLICA GENERAL954132  aVACUNAS98158  aMusa, Ahmed M. 954421  aSatoskar, Abhay R. 9544220 022717922665dMassachusetts NEJM GroupoNEJM013tThe New England Journal of Medicine wESSALUDx0028-4793  cARTICULOSe2026-08-28zsqb  c22889d22889